Arteriosclerosis refers to the thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body. As you age, your arteries will naturally get harder.
Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arterioscelrosis. It refers to the accumulation of fats and cholesterol in and on your artery walls (plaques), which can restrict blood flow. If a plaque bursts, it can cause a blood clot, potentially blocking blood supply to the heart (triggering a heart attack), or the brain (triggering a stroke).
Atherosclerosis is a major risk factor for many conditions; collectively referred to as Cardiovascular Disease (CVD).
Making lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthier diet and increasing physical activity is recommended for preventing and treating atherosclerosis.